MaryAnn Hogan, PhD(c), MSN, RN, CNE, has been a nurse educator for more than 30 years, and is currently a Clinical Assistant Professor at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst. She has taught in diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate nursing programs. A former item writer for the CAT NCLEX-RN exam, Ms. Hogan has been teaching review courses throughout New England for the past 25 years. She also has contributed to a number of publications in the areas of adult health, pharmacology, and fundamentals of nursing. She is a member of the American Nurses Association, ANA Massachusetts, Sigma Theta Tau International, Eastern Nursing Research Society, National League for Nursing, and International Network for Doctoral Education in Nursing (INDEN).