Catherine Carswell (1879-1946) was born in Glasgow, one of the four
children of George and Mary Anne Macfarlane. On leaving school she
attended courses in English Literature at Glasgow University but could
not, in those days, be admitted for a degree. In 1904, after a brief
engagement, she married Herbert Jackson. When in 1905, she told him of
her pregnancy, he tried to kill her. Declared insane, he spent the rest
of his life in a mental hospital. Catherine returned to Glasgow where
her daughter was born, and worked, first in Glasgow and then in London
as dramatic and literary critic for the Glasgow Herald. In 1907 she
began legal proceedings for the anulment of her marriage. She won the
case, making legal history.
Her friendship with D.H. Lawrence was
kindled by her favourable review of The White Peacock (1911). They met
in 1914 and their relationship lasted until Lawrence's death in 1930. In 1915
she married Donald Carswell, with whom she had one son. In the same
year, she lost her job at the Glasgow Herald for praising The Rainbow.
Soon after that the Carswells moved briefly from London to Bournemouth.
in 1916 she and Lawrence exchanged manuscripts of Open the Door! and
Women in Love. Her novel was completed in 1918 and won the Melrose Prize
on publication in 1920. Her other novel, The Camomile, was published
two years later, after which she devoted herself to The Life of Robert
Burns, which made her name in 1930. This was quickly followed by a
biography of Lawrence, The Savage Pilgrimage (1932).
After her
husband's death during the black-out in 1940, Catherine Carswell lived
alone in London. She worked with John Buchan's widow on his memorial
anthology, The Clearing House (1946) and on her own autobiography, which
was published, incomplete, as Lying Awake in 1950. Carswell died in
Oxford at the age of 66.