The Culture of print - CHARTIER

This collective work offers an account of the cultural transformation brought about by the discovery and development of printing in Europe. After Gutenburg, all European culture was a culture of print which the printed work penetrated the entire web of social relations, touching people's deepest selves as well as claiming its place in the public sphere.;In order to study this cultural form, the authors have been guided by three concerns. First, they have focussed primarily on printed matter other than books, such as broadsheets, flysheets and posters. Second, they have adopted a case study approach, examining particular texts or printed objects concerning specific events. Third, they have tried to understand the use of these materials by placing them within the local specific contexts which gave them meaning.;The authors emphasize the multiplicity of ways in which printed materials were used in early modern Europe. Festive, ritual, cultic, civic and pedagogic uses were social activities and involved deciphering texts in a collective way, those who knew how to read leading those who did not. Only gradually did these collective forms of appropriation give way to a practice of reading - privately, silently, using the eyes alone - which has become common today.;This wide-ranging work opens up new historical and methodological perspectives on one of the most important transformations in Western culture. It is a collective work by a group of leading historians, including Roger Chartier, Alain Boureau, Marie-Elisabeth Ducreux, Christian Jouhaud, Paul Saenger and Catherine Velay-Vallentin, and it will become a focal point of debate for historians and sociologists interested in the culture and transformations which accompanied the rise of modern societies.